I’ve been an independent principal investigator in the field of microbial signal transduction for over 40 years, during which time my research has been continuously funded by NIGMS. My scientific expertise is mainly in the use of genetic and molecular approaches to elucidate the signaling mechanisms that underlie chemotactic behaviors in E. coli. My lab collaborates closely with researchers who have expertise in complementary areas, including biochemistry, biophysics, structural biology, molecular dynamics and mathematical modeling. Together, we have made sustained and substantive contributions to current molecular understanding of chemoreceptor function, motility mechanisms, and two-component signaling systems in microorganisms.