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An observational study was carried out to assess the feasibility of the All of Us research database in assessing exposures of patients with rheumatological conditions. All of Us is a newly developed database that aims to gather health data from underrepresented populations in the United States to increase visibility of diverse populations in medical research.
To study the interaction of exposures and rheumatological conditions, ten of the most common rheumatological diseases from the National Institute of Health were chosen as disease cohorts for analysis within All of Us. Using the Python language and Pandas DataFrames, data on these ten disease cohorts - demographic information, health surveys, and physical activity levels of participants diagnosed with a rheumatological disorder - were extracted. Exposures in patients with rheumatological conditions were compared with similar exposures in U.S. adults based upon data obtained through the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA.
The results suggest that All of Us is a feasible tool in studying the interaction of exposures and rheumatological conditions. The All of Us data shows that patients with common rheumatological conditions differ in terms of tobacco and alcohol use, and degree of physical activity as compared to the national U.S. population, indicating that certain exposures may be important in the occurrence of common rheumatological diseases. Additionally, the significant differences in occurrence of comorbid medical conditions such as anxiety, sleep disorders, heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and skin cancer indicate further that different exposomes may be necessary for the development of a rheumatological disease as compared to the occurrence of other types of chronic disease. Future analysis will help further elucidate the relationship of autoimmune rheumatological disorders such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic joint disorders such as gout, and aging-related problems such as osteoarthritis to exposures and associated comorbidities.