Presentation description

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are surgically created vascular accesses for dialysis patients, relying on vessel maturation and outward remodeling to achieve adequate blood flow. A critical aspect of this remodeling is the arrangement of collagen within the extracellular matrix (ECM), as alterations in collagen structure can significantly impact the mechanical properties of the vessel. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a vital role in vascular health by promoting vasodilation, which facilitates ECM remode